At least eight of these 27 deaths were due to the accidental ingestion of paraquat. All eight of these accidental deaths involved transfer of paraquat into a beverage container. Several of these cases have occurred recently. A review of the SENSOR-Pesticides data identified additional ingestion cases, including the fatal case of an 8-year-old child who drank the paraquat out of a soda bottle. See EPA Actions to adopt measures to prevent poisoning and protect workers from paraquat. EPA has warned the applicator community about the high toxicity of paraquat.
Pyrethroids rarely cause any problems. Organophosphates and carbamates cause eye tearing, blurred vision, salivation, sweating, coughing, vomiting, and frequent bowel movements and urination. Blood pressure can decrease. Heart rate can decrease and become erratic and seizures can occur. Breathing may become difficult, and muscles twitch and become weak. Rarely, shortness of breath or muscle weakness is fatal.
Symptoms last hours to days after exposure to carbamates, but weakness can last for weeks after exposure to organophosphates. Pyrethrins can cause sneezing, eye tearing, coughing, and occasional difficulty breathing. Severe symptoms rarely develop. The diagnosis of insecticide poisoning is based on the symptoms and on a description of the events surrounding the poisoning.
The diagnosis is supported if atropine , given by vein, relieves the person's symptoms. Blood tests can confirm organophosphate or carbamate poisoning. Anyone with symptoms of organophosphate poisoning should see a doctor. Induce vomiting ONLY if emergency personnel on the phone or the product label tells you to do so.
It will depend on what the person has swallowed; some petroleum products or caustic poisons will cause more damage if the person is made to vomit. Always keep Syrup of Ipecac on hand 1 ounce for each child in the household to use to induce vomiting if recommended by emergency personnel.
Be sure the date is current. Poison in eye. Eye membranes absorb pesticides faster than any other external part of the body; eye damage can occur in a few minutes with some types of pesticides. If poison splashes into an eye, hold the eyelid open and wash quickly and gently with clean running water from the tap or a gentle stream from a hose for at least 15 minutes.
If possible, have someone else contact a Poison Control Center for you while the victim is being treated. Do NOT make the person throw up unless poison control or a health care provider tells you to. Your local poison control center can be reached directly by calling the national toll-free Poison Help hotline from anywhere in the United States.
This national hotline will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions. This is a free and confidential service. All local poison control centers in the United States use this national number. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The provider will measure and monitor the person's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure.
How well someone does depends on how severe the poisoning is and how quickly treatment is received. The faster medical help is given, the better the chance for recovery. Swallowing these poisons can have severe effects on many parts of the body.
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